Sustainable Development of Eco-Friendly Tiles Using Plastic Waste and Discarded Polyester Fabrics

Abstract

Bengaluru generates nearly 900 tonnes of municipal solid waste daily, which makes up to 20% of the city’s overall municipal waste. The growing use of plastic, with per capita consumption averaging 16 kg per month, has placed considerable pressure on the city's waste management system. Poor recycling practices and improper waste disposal contribute to drainage blockages, water pollution, and the degradation of air and soil quality, adversely affecting environmental and public well-being emphasizing waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and responsible end-of-life management through a circular economy framework can contribute to more efficient and sustainable use of resources. Following this sustainable approach, the study focuses on manufacturing eco-friendly outdoor tiles by incorporating waste materials such as polythene bags, discarded polyester textiles, and PET waste, thereby reducing waste accumulation and environmental degradation.

This study investigates the use of processed plastic waste as a partial replacement for fine aggregates in proportions of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. The prepared tile specimens were tested for their performance, particularly water absorption, compressive strength, and compared with conventional cement tiles. The results show the potential of utilizing plastic and textile waste in construction applications, contributing to waste reduction, cost efficiency, and sustainable infrastructure development.